CIS120Linux Fundementals

mkdir Command

The mkdir command in Linux is used to create directories. It is a straightforward command but comes with various options that allow for more advanced directory creation scenarios. Understanding how to use mkdir effectively can help you organize your file system efficiently.

What the mkdir Command Does

The basic usage of the mkdir command creates a single directory with the specified name. You can also create multiple directories at once or nested directories in one command.

Common Options for the mkdir Command

Here is a table of some of the most common options for the mkdir command and their descriptions:

Option	Description
-p	Create parent directories as needed
-v	Print a message for each created directory
-m	Set file mode (permissions) for the new directories
--help	Display help information about the mkdir command
--version	Output version information

Examples

Creating a single directory:

This command creates a single directory named mydirectory.

mkdir mydirectory

Creating multiple directories:

This command creates three directories named dir1, dir2, and dir3.

mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3

Creating nested directories:

This command creates a nested directory structure. If the parent directories do not exist, the -p option ensures they are created.

mkdir -p parent/child/grandchild

Verbose output:

The -v option provides verbose output, confirming the creation of each directory.

mkdir -v mydirectory

Setting permissions while creating a directory:

This command creates a directory named mysecureddir with permissions set to 755 (rwxr-xr-x).

mkdir -m 755 mysecureddir

Using the --help option:

The mkdir --help command displays a help message detailing the usage, available options, and descriptions for the mkdir command. It provides a quick reference for users on how to create directories with different options.

mkdir --help

Output:

Usage: mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -m, --mode=MODE   set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask
  -p, --parents     no error if existing, make parent directories as needed
  -v, --verbose     print a message for each created directory
      --help        display this help and exit
      --version     output version information and exit

Conclusion

The mkdir command is essential for creating directories in Linux. With its various options, you can create single or multiple directories, set specific permissions, and handle nested directories with ease. By practicing these commands and options, you will become proficient in managing directory structures in your Linux environment.